Protecting communities, preventing deaths | Political Economy

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On September 28, the annual observer, Orlder Rabies Day, highlighted the urgent need for this fatal and prevention viral infection. In Pakistan, according to official data, deaths associated with 2,000 to 5,000 ribs annually are annually, mostly due to dog cutting and lack of timely medical intervention. It is believed that the actual number is high.

Street dogs contribute to the challenge of this public health. Pakistan has a large population of stray dogs in both urban and rural areas. Chasing this challenge is the fact that the Rebies Vaccine and Immunoglobulin-Life Saving Injection Immediately. The later injections-government hospitals are not always readily available. Therefore, people have to visit private labs and hospitals for expensive health facilities. In rural areas, where dog bites are more common than cities, the nearest medical center can be at a distance of several hours, which weakens the affected people. Poverty, awareness and lack of basic education make the problem worse, as many families are unable to afford the full vaccination course or are unaware of its importance. Due to social notoriety associated with animal bites, some dog cases are not reported.

Rabbies is a viral disease that transmits from animals to humans, mainly through cutting or scratches. The virus travels to the brain through the nerve, which causes a mind -changing infection. Worldwide, dogs, bats, foxes and bargerments are common reserves of rabbits in various ecosystem. The same cut from a crazy animal can be fatal. This virus mainly spreads through the spit of an affected animal, scratches or broken skin/ sticky membranes (such as eyes, nose and mouth). Even without cutting, wholesale can transmit infections from spit. Once the symptoms appear, rabies is almost always deadly. Early symptoms (whether in humans or animals) include fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, flowing nose, mild sensitivity, muscle aches and loss of appetite. There is also an aggression, anxiety and fear of water (hydrophobia – a classic symbol).

Patients with dogs should be instructed that if a suspected animal is cut or torn down, they should be washed and flush for 15 minutes immediately with soap and water. If available, use 70 % of alcohol/ethanol or pwydone iodine. Healthcarers will have to check the wound and classify the wound properly. Category I constitutes the skin licking. In this case, no vaccination is needed. Category II contains nibbling and minor scratch wounds without bleeding. This will require a vaccine. The wounds of the category III include transmission cutting/ scratches and sticky membrane exposure. They need both vaccines and immunoglobulin. The wound should be kept open and avoiding severe banding. However, loose stitches can be installed on 3, 3-4 days of large wounds. Patients should be instructed not to use home remedies such as pepper powder, acid or plant juice or turn to traditional healing people, who have no role in preventing or treating fibbies. It is important to observe the dog who has cut the patient for 10 days after a bite to ensure that it is not affected by the fibers. If the animal is healthy and alive, it was not contagious to the ribbies at the time of cutting. If the animal dies, gets sick, or is lost from the follow -up during a period of 10 days, continue/ complete the patient’s PEP according to the protocol.

Rabbies is 100 % deadly with no cure, once the symptoms appear, but it is also related to 100 % vaccine.

Instead of engaging in unsafe methods, health care about medical care is needed immediately after wholesale cutting/ exposure. In addition, schools and colleges should implement public awareness programs that encourage human strategy rather than abuse with a dog, which increases the risk of cutting. It should be emphasized that wandering dogs may look harmless, but as a carrier for the beans, there are a deadly threat. Therefore, avoid contact with wandering or wild animals. In major cities, every union council should have effective, sustainable control measures such as a wandering dog’s birth and vaccination strategies. In addition, the UCS will have to encourage local authorities to report any kind of view to local authorities as soon as possible.

Pet owners, especially dogs, should be fully vaccinated before the owner’s contact. In the villages, dairy product handlers should be taught that although milk or a crazy beef is not harmful, they should still stay away from the cow because its foam pouring out of the spit mouth, so the handler can enter any wound on his body. In addition, pre-exposer prophylaxis (prevention of fibbies before prepa

The WHO recommends pre -exhibit prophylaxis as two 1 ml of the Rebes vaccine, which is given intercontinental, one day, one day, 0 and 7 days, in the adult’s deltoid area or in the younger children’s intracetal thighs. Pre-exposer-prophylaxis (PEP) does not eliminate the need for prophecy after the exposure after the exposure (PEP-which means preventing rabbis after dog bites); Any person who comes to the forefront of a suspect will still have to get proper care after the display.

Independent data in Pakistan shows that more than 100,000 people are treated with after -exhibition prophylaxis each year with more than 100,000 people. The obsolete vaccination schedule included 14 injections. Nowadays, the Rabbies vaccine is available in two types: intercom withular and interdender. The intermediate vaccine is given 0, 3, 7 and 14 days as 1 ml on the same site. It should be taken care of not to administration in the gluteal area. In immune patients, such as diabetic patients, HIV, cancer patients, etc., will also receive a injection in 28 days. Second type of vaccine, namely, 0.1 ml in each injection at 2 sites on 0, 03, 07, and 28 on 28, will be mentioned that the intraceticular or intraodermal vaccine will be applicable. Manage Human Ribes Immunoglobulin (Hrig) to display all categories III. Maximum infiltration in the wound and around it; The remaining part of the vaccine should be given interc because of the vaccine on a different site or used in another patient. Immunoglobulins are either human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG), 20 IU/kilograms, or aquan Rabbies immunoglobulin (ERIG), which is 40 IU/kg injection. Airg immunogloblin is much cheaper and more efficient than Hrig. Therefore, it can be preferred in developed countries. Increase the wound around/ around the wound with insulin syringe (and not using insulin syringe) in case of large wounds. The rest of the dose is different from the vaccine and preferably IM on the opposing site. If there are multiple injuries, saline the immunoglobulin in saline. If the patient suffers a dog bite after a thorough vaccine, then the booster doses should be given on 0 day and 3 (whether it is intermediate or intraodermal vaccine, and on one site). However, patients who have previously received incomplete vaccination, whether they are pre -exposure prophylaxis or post -exposure prophylaxis must receive prophylaxis after complete exposure.

The Dow University of Health Sciences has imported a molecule from China and has developed a rabies vaccine locally this year, but nevertheless it has to be approved by the Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan for commercial use.

Rabbies is 100 % deadly with no cure, once the symptoms appear, but it is also related to 100 % vaccine. Timely wounds can be avoided, ensuring responsible interactions with immunoglobulin administration and animals, ensuring responsible interaction with animals. There should be preference and preliminary intervention to protect against fibers.

The author is a family physician at Evercare Hospital in Lahore.