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A psychologist sits beside toys and flowers placed near a heavily damaged residential building following Russian air strike in the city of Ternopil, November 20, 2025. — AFP
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Ukraine is ready to work with the United States to develop a plan to end the war with Russia, Kiev said on Thursday, after Washington formally presented a “draft plan” to President Volodymyr Zelinsky.
Neither side detailed the proposal, which appeared to echo many of Moscow’s calls for an end to the war, according to details provided to AFP by sources familiar with the matter.
Zelinsky’s office said he expected to discuss the points with Trump in the coming days.
Here’s what we know about the project:
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Details of the plan, which is said to consist of 28 points, have been widely reported in the Western media, and a senior source familiar with the matter shared some aspects with AFP.
What is known suggests that Ukraine has been asked to concede to key Russian demands, while seemingly getting little in return.
In the region, the plan calls for “recognition of Crimea and other territories that have been taken by the Russians,” the source said.
Russia’s military occupies a fifth of the country – much of it destroyed by years of fighting.
The Kremlin has claimed to annex five regions of Ukraine – Donetsk, Lugansk, Zaporizhia and Kherson – in 2022 and Crimea in 2014.
Moscow has previously demanded that Ukraine fully withdraw its troops from the Donetsk and Lugansk regions, in exchange for a front-line freeze in the southern Zaporizhia and Kherson regions.
Ukraine has said it will never recognize Russian control of its land, but has acknowledged it could be forced back through diplomatic channels.
Sedating territory in the Donetsk and Lugansk regions that Ukraine still controls could make Ukraine vulnerable to future attacks by Russia.
“This is a matter of the survival of our country,” Zelinsky said recently.
Army and Weapons
The plan calls for Ukraine to reduce its army by 400,000 personnel, cutting its army by more than half, the same source told AFP.
The sources added that Kiev would also need to abandon all long-range weapons.
Other media reports have said there will be a complete ban on Western troops being deployed to Ukraine.
This is in line with previous Russian demands that have been made publicly and run counter to what Ukraine has cast as red lines.
The proposal also reportedly includes vague provisions for Ukraine to negotiate some sort of security guarantees with the United States and Europe.
Ukraine wants concrete Western-backed assurances, ideally in the form of NATO membership or an Article 5-style defense guarantee and a European peacekeeping force, to prevent Russia from striking again.
Whose plan?
The contents of the plan have fueled suggestions that Russia was involved in drafting it.
American media outlet Axios reported that it was developed by the Trump administration in secret consultation with Moscow.
“It looks like the Russians suggested it to the Americans, they accepted it,” the senior source told AFP.
“One of the important things is that we don’t think this is really Trump’s story” or “his entourage’s,” the official added.
After the plans were first reported, US Secretary of State Marco Rubio said, “A lasting peace will require both sides to agree to difficult but necessary concessions”.
In a statement on social media, he said Washington “will continue to develop a list of possible ideas for ending this war based on input from both sides of the conflict”.
Since returning to the White House, US President Donald Trump’s position on the Ukraine war has shifted dramatically.
Over 2025, he has gone from calling Zelensky a “dictator” to urging Kiev to try to reclaim all land seized by Russia and subjecting Moscow to sanctions.
Mobilizing diplomacy?
Confirming on Thursday that it had received the plan, Ukraine said the US had told it the proposal could “stimulate diplomacy”.
A statement from Zielinski’s office did not provide details or an estimate of the proposal, saying only that he had agreed with Washington to “ensure a dignified war.”
On Thursday, the Ukrainian leader met with senior US military officials in Qi.
The Kremlin said it had nothing to say when asked about the reports.
The EU’s top diplomat, Kaja Kallis, said that any peace settlement must have an agreement between both Kyiv and Brussels.
“We have to understand that in this war, there is an aggressor and a victim. So we have not heard of any concessions from the Russian side,” he added.
