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He witnessed September 15, the International Day of Democracy, established in 2007 by the General Assembly of the United Nationals. The date of this date is linked to the adoption of a global declaration of democracy through the Ben -Parliamentary Alliance on September 15, 1997. The purpose of this day’s observation is to highlight democracy, the importance of human rights and the rule of law. Leaders who prefer the enthusiasm of popularity to principle promises. Democracy is happy with debate, dialogue and endless dialogue. This regiment is ruined in a culture of uniformity and intolerance.
Both John Lok and Thomas Hobes were associated with the central concept of a social agreement. However, their views on freedom, rights and democracy have increased rapidly. While hobbies were driven by human beings, self -sufficient, competitive and primarily in fear of death, and for this reason human life is considered loneliness, poor, dirty, brutal and eternal in ‘state of nature’, folk considered humans rational and cooperative. He believed that humans had a sense of morality and could respect each other’s rights even in the absence of force imposing. Although Hubs believed that a lot of freedom would lead to chaos, people believed that freedom could stay along with the order.
Hobbs argued in his famous book Levithan (1651), that the only natural right is the protection of itself. Therefore, he said, in exchange for security and discipline, almost all the independent authority of all the independent authority should be willing to hand over all the rights. In his great work, two government articles (1689) claimed that human beings have the inevitable natural rights – life, freedom and property – which cannot be handed over to the government or the independent. The purpose of the government, for the hubs, is to impose the order and prevent conflicts or chaos. However, Folk argued that if a government violates natural rights, citizens have the right to fight or overthrow it. Recently. , Hubs was a supporter of the absolute monarchy where the power of the sovereignty should be undoubtedly, but Lok made the case of representative democracy with check and balance. For this, sovereignty is not with the ruler, but with the people.
In today’s context, these suggestions cannot be promoted because democracy, formal education, complexity of governance, economic disparity, focus and central information network, freedom of press, neglect for human and civil rights, neglect, neglect, conflict, cultural conflicts, cultural conflicts, conflicts, cultural conflicts, cultural conflicts, cultural conflicts, conflicts, cultural conflicts, cultural conflicts. Ignoring defamation is a danger. Countries where confidence in electoral practice has been established. In just 2024-25, serious allegations were raised in Venezuela, Myanmar, Belarus, Honduras, the Philippines, Pakistan, India, Georgia, Serbia and Maldovia. When justice is suspected in the elections, democracy ends.
The challenge for the international community is to promote strong and flexible democratic institutions, principles and methods that can arrest democratic downs.
Democracy is a multi -faceted trend. This process includes additional defects in freedoms, guarantees and checks that are vital for its work. The democratic Republic does not fall suddenly, they gradually deteriorate with the weakness of democratic institutions. The global wave of democratic formation, which was observed in the 1980s and 1990s, has declined. In the present century, the place of democracies is being reduced either automatic or hybrid systems that reduce democratic standards. This is clear from the 2024 report of the Economic Intelligence Unit, which has recorded the lowest global Democratic Index score of 130 out of the 167 countries. Similarly, the Freedom House’s annual survey reports two decades globally in the rights and freedoms that maintain democracy.
As mentioned earlier, the year 2024 was declared the “year of elections”, of which about 3. 3.7 billion people, about half of the world’s population, participated in the elections, the largest election year in history. Someone can ask how if such a large number of people voted, how can democracy be considered a declining trend? The fact is that democratic erosion often happens despite the process of voting, and even, can vote for citizens the values they value. Some need to understand that democracy is not just about elections. It is a combination of values, principles and co -mechanisms that need to be protected and strengthened.
Indications that refer to democratic erosion – such as democratic actors gaining power and strengthening, weakening balanced institutions and principles, dividing in polytheism, waste of trust in democracy and the waste of confidence for violence for power and use as a means of achieving power is a means of achieving power. In 2024, the Economic Intelligence Unit was placed in the ‘Hybrid Regime’ category and ‘partially free’ by the Freedom House, with a score of 40/100, six points less than the previous year.
The challenge for the international community is to promote strong and flexible democratic institutions, principles and methods that can arrest the Democratic Downs slide. Harari argues that “in a well -operated democracy, the results of the urban elections, the decisions of the courts, the media outlets reports and the search for scientific articles because citizens believe these institutions are committed to truth.” When people are forced to believe that power is the only fact, they lose interest in these institutions. After Israel’s atrocities in Gaza, for example, people of several nominal democracies are on one side of the corridor and their governments on the other.
Pakistan is at a crossroads. We have to work hard and permanently to both economic development and the upbringing of democracy. The people of Pakistan deserve a better future.
Dr. Mohammad Abrar Zahoor is the head of the department at the University of Sargodha. He has worked as a research fellow at the Royal Holve College of London University. It can be arrived at Abrar.zahoor@hotmail.com. Its x handle: @brzhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
