Pesticide concerns | Political Economy

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Anira Bibi lives in Tarpur village in Sialkot district. He owns 10 acres of agricultural land. She says, “My family and my family have been working on their farm for ten years. We grow all kinds of vegetables and seasonal crops. The soil is fertile and usually produce good results, but sometimes insects sometimes cause significant damage to the crops. Common insects, such as leaf folders, opades, and opiates.

“When we spray pesticides to protect our crops from these insects, we refrain from approaching the fields and do not use production for a month after that. The cost of pesticides is very high, while the government mostly provides pesticides spraying for sugarcane, when we spend other crops, when we spend every crop, and we spend every crop. Become. ”

Chemical engineer Imran Ashraf says most pesticides in commercial agriculture are inevitable. They are used by farmers to control mournful clothing and pests, and their use has increased significantly. In order to increase the world’s population in the 20th century, food production requires parallel.

A UN report suggests that the annual use of pesticides in 2016 was 4.1 million tonnes, which was doubled in the 1990 volume. In 2016, the global market for pesticides was about $ 65 billion. It is likely to reach $ 71 billion by 2026.

Ashraf says pesticides are classified by chemical type, functional group, process and toxicity. Using chemical ingredients is used to kill pesticides and control mourning clothing. They can be toxic for other organisms, including humans. They often cause air pollution and change climate patterns.

“Pollution of pesticides goes away from the target plants, which in turn results in environmental pollution. These chemicals affect human health through environmental and food pollution. Pesticide -related climate causes also affect the use of pesticides and the use of pesticides.

Authorities register and licenses the use of pesticides, he says.

Syed Shukat Hussain Gilani, CEO of a pesticide company, says pesticides can cause some chemicals in drugs, such as 1, 3-derivatives and meta potassium, eyes and skin. Chloropicine and declubripin are also harmful. During the formation of insects, many fuel and biofuel are used. It also affects the climate.

Pesticides contain volatility organic compounds and particulatory substances that cause air pollution. They also eliminate ground -level ozone and have major components of smog. These chemicals are helpful in global warming and global temperatures.

Shukat Gilani says, “Feminis that hit fungus in the crops releases nitroside oxides and greenhouse gases. Nitroside is 300 times more efficient than carbon dioxide.”

According to the Pakistan Bureau statistics in 2020-21, 108 pesticides, 30 fungicides, 39 videoides, 5 acids and 6 Rudentids were used in Pakistan. Every year the pesticide import bill increased. About 80 % of pesticides are applied to the cotton crop. The rest of the crops are used on paddy, sugarcane and various vegetables. In the last 20 years, the use of pesticides has increased by 1,169 %. In some cases, with more than 10 spray per crop, there are significant concerns for human health.

Pesticides contain volatility organic compounds and particulatory substances that cause air pollution. They also eliminate ground -level ozone and have major components of smog. These chemicals are helpful in global warming and temperatures.

Climate change expert Dr Mohsin says pesticides have participated in the release of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide. As a result, global temperatures rise. In addition, the droplets of pesticides, when the air comes out, contribute to global warming. He says the rising temperature stimulates insect activity. Climate change changes rain patterns, which causes drought. Plants suffering from drought become more at risk of insect attacks, which is forced to use farmers to use more pesticides to protect their crops. Increasing the use of this pesticide further increases the climate change, causing a harmful cycle.

It is important to recognize that producing a kilogram of pesticide usually requires ten times more energy than producing equal amounts of nitrogen fertilizer. The growing use of artificial pesticides causes the effects of climate change, such as extreme heat and forest fire smoke.

Jointly, the use of climate change and pesticides puts unequal burden on the poor. This is an important issue in the climate (I).

According to a report by the 2021 Asian Development Bank, Pakistan’s crops are highly sensitive to the variations in temperature and water availability. The increase in temperatures to 0.5 ° C may result in a decrease of 8 to 10 percent. In addition, some crops are especially extremely heat. Meanwhile, the temperature is expected to increase by more than 35 ° C.

The indirect effects of the use of pesticides include the availability of aquatic resources and seasonal capacity, changes in soil organic matter, soil erosion, change in pests, changes in pesticides and diseases and the influx of unpleasant species.

Sakina Bibi, who lives in the Targa Village, says pesticides are useful and harmful to both plants and humans.

Sakina says a farmer recently died due to the use of pesticides in his area. Twenty -two -year -old boy breathed smoke while sprinkling the crop.

According to the Pakistan Credit Rating Agency, the consumption of pesticides globally increased to 3.5 million metric tons in 2021, which increased by four percent over the year. It was likely to reach 4.3 million metric tons by 2024. Asia is the largest 38 %. The lowest, 13 % in Europe.

According to a UN report on Environment, chemical use in farming is very important. It states that 4 billion tonnes of pesticides and 12 billion kilograms of plastic are used annually. However, they are in serious danger, which has led to 11,000 annual deaths from pesticides, harassing ecosystem, reducing soil health and burning plastics by air pollution.

According to the European Commission, under the Form Two fork strategy, the EU aims to reduce the use and risk of hazardous pesticides by 2030 by up to 50 %.

A deputy director of the Punjab Agriculture Department says that someone should refrain from eating and smoking during pesticides. They say that no one ever wants pesticides spray bottles in the stream or tube wells. If the nozzle of the spray bottle is not working properly, no one should be blown up. After the spray, someone should not eat the contaminated grass for three days because it contains harmful chemicals that can affect their health.

They say the use of pesticides helps protect crops from insects such as todddis, mile bags, waals, fleabing and Asian long -lasting. Thus, the use of pesticides is helping to improve the national economy.

The government has recently introduced a farmer card. Loans must be paid within six months. For farmers with 5 acres of land, this program provides Rs 60,000 per acre for cotton and Rs 40,000 per acre for wheat.

Two training sessions are part of the program. The first is for pesticides for pharmaceuticals and the second for farmers.

The author is an independent journalist based in Gujranwala.